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ยาแก้แพ้ Hydroxazine
รูปแบบของยา
ข้อบ่งชี้ในการใช้ยา
ขนาดและวิธีใช้
ยานี้มีขายในรูปยาเม็ดเคลือบขนาด 10 และ 25 มก. ยาน้ำเชื่อมความแรง 10 มก./5 มล. และยาฉีดความแรง 10 มก./2 มล.
ก่อนที่จะใช้ hydroxyzine จะต้องแจ้งแพทย์เกี่ยวกับเรื่องต่อไปนี้
คำแนะนำพิเศษ
ยานี้อาจทำให้เกิดอาการง่วงซึมจึงไม่ควรขับขี่ยานยนต์ หรือทำงานเกี่ยวกับเครื่องจักรกล และไม่ควรดื่มแอลกอฮอล์ เพราะจะทำให้ง่วงนอนมากขึ้น
เมื่อเกิดอาการข้างเคียงควรทำอย่างไร
ยานี้ทำให้เกิดปากแห้ง จมูกและคอแห้งได้ แนะนำให้อมลูกกวาดที่ไม่หวานนัก หรือให้ดื่มน้ำ จะช่วยบรรเทาอาการข้างเคียงดังกล่าวได้ อาจทำให้ง่วงนอน มึนงง อ่อนเพลีย พูดไม่ชัด ปวดศีรษะ หากอาการรุนแรง ควรปรึกษาแพทย์หรือเภสัชกร
ข้อควรระวัง
สตรีมีครรภ์ โดยเฉพาะระหว่าง 3 เดือนแรก สตรีที่คาดว่าจะตั้งครรภ์ หรือกำลังให้นมบุตร ควรปรึกษาแพทย์ก่อนรับประทานยานี้ ในคนที่มีโรคประจำตัวต่อไปนี้ ไม่ควรใช้ยาหากไม่ได้รับการแนะนำจากแพทย์หรือเภสัชกร ได้แก่ โรคหอบหืด ต้อหิน ปัสสาวะลำบากเนื่องจากต่อมลูกหมกโต
ความปลอดภัยของยานี้ในสตรีมีครรภ์
สำหรับสตรีมีครรภ์ ยานี้จัดอยู่ในประเภท c ไม่ควรให้ในหญิงมีครรภ์โดยเฉพาะตั้งครรภ์ไตรมาศแรก
อาการของคนที่ได้รับยาเกินขนาด
ผู้ที่ได้รับยาเกินขนาดโดยการตั้งใจหรืออุบัติเหตุจะมีอาการง่วงซึม หากพบผู้ป่วยหลังจากรับประทานยาไม่นาน และยังรู้สึกตัวก็กระตุ้นให้อาเจียน อาจจะโดยการให้กินไข่ขาวและใช้ช้อนแยงคอ และรีบนำส่งโรงพยาบาล สำหรับผู้ป่วยที่ไม่รู้สึกตัวห้ามกระตุ้นให้อาเจียนเพราะจะทำให้สำลักอาหาร
ข้อห้ามใช้ยา
ผลข้างเคียงของยา
ยาที่ต้องระวังเมื่อรับประทานยา Hydroxazine
INDICATIONS
For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested.
Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, and in histamine-mediated pruritus.
As a sedative when used as premedication and following general anesthesia, hydroxyzine may potentiate meperidine and barbiturates, so their use in pre-anesthetic adjunctive therapy should be modified on an individual basis. Atropine and other belladonna alkaloids are not affected by the drug. Hydroxyzine is not known to interfere with the action of digitalis in any way and it may be used concurrently with this agent.
The effectiveness of hydroxyzine as an antianxiety agent for long term use, that is more than 4 months, has not been assessed by systematic clinical studies. The physician should reassess periodically the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested: in adults, 50-100 mg q.i.d.; children under 6 years, 50 mg daily in divided doses and over 6 years, 50-100 mg daily in divided doses.
For use in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses, and in histamine-mediated pruritus: in adults, 25 mg t.i.d. or q.i.d.; children under 6 years, 50 mg daily in divided doses and over 6 years, 50-100 mg daily in divided doses.
As a sedative when used as a premedication and following general anesthesia: 50-100 mg in adults, and 0.6 mg/kg of body weight in children.
When treatment is initiated by the intramuscular route of administration, subsequent doses may be administered orally.
As with all medications, the dosage should be adjusted according to the patient's response to therapy.
HOW SUPPLIED
Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 10 mg are 7/32", unscored, round, orange, film-coated tablets imprinted DAN and 5522 supplied in bottles of 100 and 500.
Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 25 mg are 7/32", unscored, round, green, film-coated tablets imprinted DAN and 5523 supplied in bottles of 100, 500 and 1000.
Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets USP, 50 mg are 10/32", unscored, round, yellow, film-coated tablets imprinted DAN and 5565 supplied in bottles of 100, 500 and 1000.
Dispense in a tight container with child-resistant closure.
Store at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°F).
Uses
Hydroxyzine is used to treat itching caused by allergies. It is an antihistamine and works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. Hydroxyzine may also be used short-term to treat anxiety or to help you feel sleepy/relaxed before and after surgery.
How to use Hydroxyzine Hcl
Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually three or four times daily. If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.
The dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. In children, the dosage may also be based on weight. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than directed.
Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens.
Side Effects
Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, constipation, or dry mouth may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
To relieve dry mouth, suck (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute.
Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.
Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, confusion, hallucinations), shaking (tremor), difficulty urinating.
Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: seizures, fast/irregular heartbeat, severe dizziness, fainting.
A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.
This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
Precautions
Before taking hydroxyzine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to cetirizine; or to levocetirizine; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as emphysema, asthma), high pressure in the eye (glaucoma), high blood pressure, kidney problems, liver problems, seizures, stomach/intestine problems (such as ulcer, blockage), overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), difficulty urinating (for example, due to enlarged prostate).
Hydroxyzine may cause a condition that affects the heart rhythm (QT prolongation). QT prolongation can rarely cause serious (rarely fatal) fast/irregular heartbeat and other symptoms (such as severe dizziness, fainting) that need medical attention right away.
The risk of QT prolongation may be increased if you have certain medical conditions or are taking other drugs that may cause QT prolongation. Before taking hydroxyzine, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the drugs you take and if you have any of the following conditions: certain heart problems (heart failure, slow heartbeat, QT prolongation in the EKG), family history of certain heart problems (QT prolongation in the EKG, sudden cardiac death).
Low levels of potassium or magnesium in the blood may also increase your risk of QT prolongation. This risk may increase if you use certain drugs (such as diuretics/"water pills") or if you have conditions such as severe sweating, diarrhea, or vomiting. Talk to your doctor about taking hydroxyzine safely.
This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).
Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).
Liquid products may contain sugar and/or alcohol. Caution is advised if you have diabetes, liver disease, or any other condition that requires you to limit/avoid these substances in your diet. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.
Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug. This drug can often cause excitement in young children instead of drowsiness.
Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, confusion, constipation, trouble urinating or QT prolongation (see above). Drowsiness and confusion can increase the risk of falling.
During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.
It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
Interactions
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine, promethazine).
Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.
Do not use with any other antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray) because increased side effects may occur.
Hydroxyzine is very similar to cetirizine and levocetirizine. Do not use these medications while using hydroxyzine.
This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests (including allergy skin testing, urine corticosteroids level), possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.
What is hydroxyzine?
Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of itching, or hives on the skin. Hydroxyzine may be used to treat allergic skin reactions such as hives or contact dermatitis.
Since hydroxyzine also reduces activity in the central nervous system, it can be used as a sedative to treat anxiety and tension. It is also used together with other medications given during and after general anesthesia.
Hydroxyzine is also used to treat allergic skin reactions such as hives or contact dermatitis.
Important information
Hydroxyzine may cause birth defects. Talk to you doctor before using hydroxyzine if pregnant or breastfeeding.
Hydroxyzine can cause a serious heart problem, especially if you use certain medicines at the same time. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using.
This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as tremors, confusion, seizures, or restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck.
Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of hydroxyzine.
Before taking this medicine
You should not use hydroxyzine if you are allergic to it, or if:
Hydroxyzine could harm the unborn baby or cause birth defects. Talk to you doctor before using hydroxyzine if pregnant.
To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:
It is not known whether hydroxyzine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Talk to your doctor before breastfeeding while using this medicine.
Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice.
How should I take hydroxyzine?
Take hydroxyzine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Do not use this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.
Shake the oral suspension (liquid) well just before you measure a dose. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Hydroxyzine is for short-term use only.
You should not take this medicine for longer than 4 months. Call your doctor if your anxiety symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
See also:
Hydroxyzine dosage information (in more detail)
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Overdose symptoms may include severe drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, uncontrolled muscle movements, or seizure (convulsions).
What should I avoid while taking hydroxyzine?
This medicine may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects.
Hydroxyzine side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to hydroxyzine: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
In rare cases, hydroxyzine may cause a severe skin reaction. Stop taking this medicine and call your doctor right away if you have sudden skin redness or a rash that spreads and causes white or yellow pustules, blistering, or peeling.
Stop using hydroxyzine and call your doctor at once if you have:
Side effects such as drowsiness and confusion may be more likely in older adults.
Common hydroxyzine side effects may include:
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.