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ตารางเปรียบเทียบการใช้ยาลดไขมัน

ในตารางจะแสดงชื่อยา ลดไขมันชนิดไหน ประสิทธิภาพของยาเมื่อใช้ร่วมกับ statin ความเห็น12

Drug Lipid Effects Lipid Effects in Combination with Statin Outcomes Data Comments
Bezafibrate LDL decrease: 9.6-25% (400 mg)



HDL increase: 15-24% (400 mg)



Triglyceride decrease: 25-43% (400 mg)



Further LDL decrease: 1.1% (400 mg)



Further HDL increase: 22% (400 mg)



Further triglyceride decrease: 31.7% (400 mg)



Secondary prevention: Prevents composite endpoint of MI and sudden death in a subgroup with triglycerides of 200 mg/dL or higher. No increase in non-CV death First-line option for triglyceride >10 mmol/L



Option for triglyceride 5-10 mmol/L



Option for low HDL



Reversible increase in serum creatinine



Requires renal dose adjustment



Limited data with statins



Ezetimibe LDL decrease: 18% (10 mg/day)



HDL increase: 1% (10 mg/day)



Triglyceride decrease: 8%



Further LDL decrease: 25%, as add-on



Further HDL increase: 3%, as add-on



Further triglyceride decrease: 14%, as add-on



Prevention of CV events in post-acute coronary syndrome patient when added to statin showed a benefit of reducing the primary endpoint (composite of CV death, MI, unstable angina requiring rehospitalization, coronary revascularization or stroke) by 6.4% vs statin alone



In intermediate outcomes studies, ezetimibe did not reduce regression of carotid intima-media thickness (surrogate marker) when added to a statin



Efficacy studied in combination with atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin



Role as statin add-on to reduce LDL if HDL and triglyceride satisfactory



Fenofibrate LDL decrease: 20.6% (145 mg)



HDL increase: 11% (145 mg)



Triglyceride decrease: 23.5-50.6% (greatest drop in patients with highest triglycerides) (145 mg)



Further LDL decrease: 0-6% (200 mg)



Further HDL increase: 13-17% (200 mg)



Further triglyceride decrease: 20-32% (200 mg)



Prevention of CV events in type 2 diabetes: Did not reduce primary composite outcome (nonfatal MI or CV death). Improved outcomes included nonfatal MI (24% decrease), coronary revascularization (21% decrease), progression to albuminuria, and reduced laser treatments for retinopathy. Nonsignificant increase in risk of CV death.



As statin add-on, did not lower risk of non-fatal MI, nonfatal stroke, or CV death more than statin alone in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk for CV disease



First-line option for triglyceride >10 mmol/L (about 1000 mg/dL)



Option for triglyceride >500 mg/dL or 5-10 mmol/L



Option for low HDL



Preferred over gemfibrozil for use with statins



Requires renal dose adjustment



Associated with reversible increase in serum creatinine



Gemfibrozil LDL: No effect



HDL increase: 6% (1200 mg/day)



Triglyceride decrease: 33-50% (greatest drop in patients with highest triglycerides) (1200 mg/day)



Further triglyceride decrease: 41%



Further HDL increase: 9%



Primary prevention of coronary heart disease



Secondary prevention of cardiac events in men with low HDL



First-line option for triglyceride >10 mmol/L (about 1000 mg/dL)



Option for triglyceride >500 mg/dL or 5-10 mmol/L



Option for low HDL



Requires renal dose adjustment



Avoid with statin



Icosapent ethyl LDL decrease: 5%



HDL decrease: 4%



Triglyceride decrease: 27%



Further triglyceride decrease: 21.5% (4 g/day), 10.1% (2 g/day)



Further LDL decrease: 6.2% (4 g/day)



A study, REDUCE IT, is underway to look at reduction in CV events with icosapent ethyl Option for triglyceride >500 mg/dL



Safe for use with statins



Use caution with fish or shellfish allergy



Niacin LDL decrease: 14-17% (Niaspan 2 g/day); 12% (niacin immediate-release 1.5 g/day and Niaspan 1.5 g/day)



HDL increase: 22-26% (2 g/day Niaspan); 17% (niacin immediate release 1.5 g/day); 20-22% (Niaspan 1.5 g/day)



Triglyceride decrease: 20-50%



Further LDL decrease: 1-5% (Niaspan 1 g/day); 10% (Niaspan 2 g/day)



Further HDL increase: 24% (Niaspan 2 g/day); 15-17% (Niaspan 1 g/day)



Further triglyceride decrease: 24% (Niaspan 2 g/day); 12-22% (Niaspan 1 g/day)



Secondary MI prevention; in combination with a resin, slows progression or promotes regression of atherosclerosis; reduces mortality



As statin add-on, reduces carotid intima-media thickness (surrogate marker) compared with ezetimibe as statin add-on in patients with lower HDL



No CV event benefit from niacin plus statin versus statin alone in patients with well-controlled LDL, low HDL, and high triglycerides



Option for triglyceride >500 mg/dL (about 5 mmol/L)



Raises HDL more than any other agent



Dose-dependent risk of hyperglycemia (especially in patients with type 2 diabetes) and liver toxicity



May increase risk of statin myopathy



Omega-3 ethyl esters LDL increase: 44.5% (4 g/day)



HDL increase: 9.1% (4 g/day)



Triglyceride decrease: 45% (4 g/day)



LDL increase: 0.7% (4 g/day)



Further HDL increase: 3.4% (4 g/day)



Further triglyceride decrease: 29.5% (4 g/day)



Secondary prevention: Reduces cardiovascular death; sudden death; and combined endpoint of death, nonfatal MI, and nonfatal stroke



Secondary prevention in patients with, or at risk for, type 2 diabetes: did not reduce CV events



Option for triglyceride >500 mg/dL (about 5 mmol/L)



Safe for use with statins



Associated with an increase in risk for recurrence of symptomatic atrial fibrillation or flutter within first 3 months of therapy



Use with caution with fish or shellfish allergy